Last‑Mile Delivery
Last‑Mile Delivery is the final hand‑off from a distribution node to the end consumer—costly and CO₂‑intensive, often 40 % of e‑commerce logistics spend.
Innovations include micro‑fulfillment centers, parcel lockers, crowd‑shipping and drones. Dynamic routing apps optimize density and align with customer time windows; EV and cargo‑bike fleets meet LEZ regulations.